We know how innovation works. We get iPhones; those less fortunate overseas get whatever we recycle. Innovation has always been about people in rich nations getting the latest stuff and the rest of the world getting our castoffs.
  So why is Nokia looking to use Kenya to debut a free classifieds service (think a mobile-phone version of Craigslist), complete with a first-ever feature that lets people shop using voice commands to browse for goods?
  The answer is that the traditional model of developing new products is quietly reversing course. Call it “trickle-up innovation,” where ideas take shape in developing markets first, then work their way back to the West. “If it’s radically innovative and reduces costs, it’s going to get looked at and will accelerate,” says Michael Chui, a McKinsey consultant. As the credit crunch forces frugality on companies everywhere, it should turbocharge the shift toward developing markets.
  Nokia has for several years seen most of its growth in the developing world, so it was quick to notice when poor Kenyans started using their cell phones for banking as well as paying for things...

Discussion Questions:
15. How does “trickle-up innovation” work?
Why is Nokia developing Mosoko for Kenyans but not for Americans?

16. Why might Shibulal say it’s inevitable that innovation would move “both ways”?
What does “trickling sideways” mean? How is this significant?